Separation of Mixtures using Different Techniques

In chemistry, a mixture is a material system made up of two or more different substances which are mixed but are not combined chemically. Mixtures come in many forms and phases. Most of them can be separated, and the kind of separation method depends on the kind of mixture it is. Some common separation methods are: Simple distillation, fractional distillation, Separating funnel, centrifugation and Paper Chromatography. Simple distillation and fractional distillation are best for separating a solution of two miscible liquids. Fractional distillation is most suitable for separation of a mixture of two or more miscible liquids for which the difference in boiling points is less than 25K. Separating funnel is used to separate a mixture of two immiscible liquids by taking advantage of their unequal density. Centrifugation is used to separate insoluble materials from a liquid where normal filtration does not work well and paper chromatography is used to separate the different components in a liquid mixture.

This video explains how to separate the components of a mixture using (a) Separating funnel (b) Chromatography (c) Centrifugation (d) Simple distillation and (e) Fractional distillation.